Summary Acute hepatitis B resulted in 1·61 million (95% UI 1·17–2·21) global DALYs in 2019 and was responsible for 37·2% (27·8–47·4) of acute hepatitis DALYs.

Definition Hepatitis B is a viral infection of the liver. It can be transmitted during medical procedures, through unsafe injecting, sexually, and from mother to child.

Total sources
Incidence 0
Prevalence 468
Remission 0
Causes of death 2582
Other 0
Table 1: Total sources used in GBD 2019 estimation
What is new in GBD 2019?
  • •Upward adjustments for seroprevalence data among blood donors and pregnant women were estimated from 38 sources in a network analysis in MR-BRT prior to analysis in DisMod-MR 2.1.
  • •In previous rounds, our DisMod-MR model of hepatitis B surface antigen positivity, using all available data, tended to follow the data from unvaccinated populations, and poorly fit prevalence data from vaccinated populations at younger ages. This year, we developed a counterfactual DisMod-MR model using only data from unvaccinated populations, and corrected results based on vaccine coverage and efficacy. The seroprevalence data in vaccinated populations was outliered but used to verify the reductions applied were consistent with the vaccinated populations.
  • •Acute hepatitis B mortality was modelled in CODEm rather than the natural history model of past GBD rounds, which required case fatality from hospital inpatient data and had the effect of decreasing estimates.
Prevalence
Incidence
Deaths
YLLs
YLDs
DALYs
Cases
(millions)
Rate (per 100 000)
Cases
(millions)
Rate (per 100 000)
Deaths
(millions)
Rate (per 100 000)
YLLs
(millions)
Rate (per 100 000)
YLDs
(millions)
Rate (per 100 000)
DALYs
(millions)
Rate (per 100 000)
2019
Both Sexes
9·23
(7·38
to 11·3)
115·7
(92·7
to 141·6)
80·0
(64·0
to 98·3)
1002·4
(803·6
to 1227·3)
0·0325
(0·0239
to 0·0447)
0·4
(0·3
to 0·6)
1·46
(1·03
to 2·04)
19·0
(13·4
to 26·7)
0·159
(0·0959
to 0·247)
2·0
(1·2
to 3·0)
1·61
(1·17
to 2·21)
20·9
(15·1
to 28·8)
Females
3·61
(2·77
to 4·68)
90·9
(69·9
to 117·6)
31·3
(24·0
to 40·6)
787·7
(606·0
to 1018·9)
0·0110
(0·00664
to 0·0182)
0·3
(0·2
to 0·5)
0·500
(0·286
to 0·839)
13·4
(7·6
to 22·7)
0·0618
(0·0362
to 0·0976)
1·5
(0·9
to 2·4)
0·562
(0·347
to 0·911)
14·9
(9·1
to 24·4)
Males
5·63
(4·39
to 7·08)
140·5
(109·7
to 176·3)
48·8
(38·0
to 61·3)
1217·4
(950·9
to 1527·9)
0·0215
(0·0156
to 0·0302)
0·6
(0·4
to 0·8)
0·955
(0·674
to 1·33)
24·6
(17·3
to 34·4)
0·0975
(0·0580
to 0·153)
2·4
(1·4
to 3·8)
1·05
(0·759
to 1·42)
27·0
(19·3
to 36·7)
Percentage change 2010-19
Both Sexes
–10·0%
(–24·7
to 7·6)
–19·3%
(–32·0
to –4·1)
–10·0%
(–24·7
to 7·6)
–19·3%
(–32·0
to –4·1)
–7·7%
(–24·0
to 14·9)
–20·9%
(–34·7
to –2·4)
–16·7%
(–33·1
to 6·0)
–25·0%
(–40·0
to –4·6)
–2·0%
(–20·2
to 19·4)
–14·0%
(–30·1
to 4·2)
–15·5%
(–31·2
to 5·0)
–24·1%
(–38·5
to –5·7)
Females
–10·6%
(–29·5
to 13·4)
–19·8%
(–36·6
to 1·3)
–10·6%
(–29·5
to 13·4)
–19·8%
(–36·6
to 1·3)
–15·7%
(–33·8
to 14·8)
–27·9%
(–44·1
to –2·2)
–26·1%
(–44·9
to 2·8)
–33·3%
(–50·9
to –5·7)
–2·4%
(–26·1
to 27·6)
–14·5%
(–34·8
to 11·5)
–24·1%
(–42·3
to 3·5)
–31·7%
(–48·7
to –6·7)
Males
–9·7%
(–28·9
to 14·0)
–18·9%
(–36·0
to 1·9)
–9·7%
(–28·9
to 14·0)
–18·9%
(–36·0
to 1·9)
–3·0%
(–22·9
to 24·4)
–16·9%
(–34·1
to 5·6)
–10·8%
(–30·5
to 17·7)
–19·8%
(–37·6
to 6·0)
–1·7%
(–24·5
to 28·1)
–13·7%
(–33·2
to 11·7)
–10·1%
(–28·1
to 14·8)
–19·3%
(–35·8
to 2·6)
Numbers in parentheses are 95% uncertainty intervals.
Table 2: Global prevalence, incidence, deaths, YLLs, YLDs, and DALYs in counts and age-standardised rates for both sexes combined, females, and males, 2019, with percentage change between 2010 and 2019
Deaths YLLs YLDs DALYs
1990 118th 105th 188th 149th
2010 133rd 124th 193rd 177th
2019 141st 131st 198th 192nd
Table 3: Rank among most detailed causes for global deaths, YLLs, YLDs, and DALYs in 1990, 2010, and 2019, for both sexes combined
Figure 1: Composition of DALYs by YLLs and constituent sequelae YLDs for both sexes combined, 2019
Figure 2: Percentage of DALYs attributable to top risk factors for both sexes combined, 2019
No Legend
Figure 3: Age-standardised DALY rates for each location by SDI, both sexes combined, 2019
Figure 4: Composition of DALYs by YLLs and YLDs, age group, and sex, 2019
No Legend
Figure 5: Age-standardised DALY rates (per 100 000) by location, both sexes combined, 2019