Summary Exposure to forces of nature was responsible for 6080 deaths (95% UI 5520–6690) in 2019. Of these deaths, 2720 (2470–2990) occurred in locations with a low SDI and 219 deaths (199–241) occurred in locations with a high SDI.

Definition A force that is beyond human control. This Includes earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, avalanches, storms, lightning strikes, and floods.

Total sources
Incidence 0
Prevalence 0
Remission 0
Causes of death 4597
Other 0
Table 1: Total sources used in GBD 2019 estimation
What is new in GBD 2019?
  • •EMDAT was updated to include new estimates for recent years.
  • •Location mapping was improved by implementing a methods hierarchy, ensuring the results retained the most accurate information from each hierarchy level.
  • •Each event was assigned a unique Identifier.
  • •Events spanning multiple years were split using rates informed by the number of months covered in each year.
  • •Collaborators provided updates to key fatal discontinuity events that improved accuracy of estimates.
Prevalence
Incidence
Deaths
YLLs
YLDs
DALYs
Cases
(millions)
Rate (per 100 000)
Cases
(millions)
Rate (per 100 000)
Deaths
(millions)
Rate (per 100 000)
YLLs
(millions)
Rate (per 100 000)
YLDs
(millions)
Rate (per 100 000)
DALYs
(millions)
Rate (per 100 000)
2019
Both Sexes
14·8
(10·5
to 20·3)
182·3
(130·2
to 250·2)
0·184
(0·149
to 0·231)
2·4
(2·0
to 3·1)
0·00608
(0·00552
to 0·00669)
0·1
(0·1
to 0·1)
0·339
(0·308
to 0·373)
4·5
(4·1
to 5·0)
0·622
(0·444
to 0·863)
7·7
(5·5
to 10·7)
0·961
(0·777
to 1·21)
12·2
(9·9
to 15·4)
Females
5·78
(4·00
to 8·28)
143·2
(99·1
to 204·6)
0·0711
(0·0577
to 0·0889)
1·9
(1·6
to 2·4)
0·00235
(0·00213
to 0·00259)
0·1
(0·1
to 0·1)
0·129
(0·117
to 0·142)
3·5
(3·2
to 3·9)
0·234
(0·164
to 0·331)
5·8
(4·1
to 8·2)
0·363
(0·290
to 0·465)
9·3
(7·5
to 11·9)
Males
8·97
(6·51
to 12·2)
222·2
(161·3
to 301·6)
0·112
(0·0910
to 0·142)
2·9
(2·4
to 3·7)
0·00372
(0·00338
to 0·00410)
0·1
(0·1
to 0·1)
0·209
(0·190
to 0·230)
5·5
(5·0
to 6·0)
0·388
(0·280
to 0·531)
9·6
(6·9
to 13·2)
0·598
(0·482
to 0·744)
15·1
(12·2
to 18·7)
Percentage change 2010-19
Both Sexes
0·4%
(–2·3
to 2·5)
–11·8%
(–14·4
to –9·6)
–98·0%
(–98·2
to –97·7)
–98·1%
(–98·4
to –97·8)
–97·6%
(–97·6
to –97·6)
–97·8%
(–97·8
to –97·8)
–97·7%
(–97·7
to –97·7)
–97·9%
(–97·9
to –97·9)
–16·1%
(–20·4
to –12·0)
–26·1%
(–30·1
to –22·4)
–93·8%
(–94·8
to –92·6)
–94·5%
(–95·4
to –93·4)
Females
0·8%
(–2·4
to 3·4)
–11·7%
(–14·9
to –9·1)
–98·3%
(–98·5
to –98·0)
–98·4%
(–98·6
to –98·1)
–97·6%
(–97·6
to –97·6)
–97·8%
(–97·8
to –97·8)
–97·8%
(–97·8
to –97·8)
–97·9%
(–97·9
to –97·9)
–16·8%
(–22·4
to –11·8)
–27·2%
(–32·4
to –22·7)
–94·1%
(–95·1
to –92·7)
–94·8%
(–95·7
to –93·6)
Males
0·1%
(–2·2
to 1·9)
–11·6%
(–14·0
to –9·8)
–97·7%
(–98·0
to –97·4)
–97·9%
(–98·2
to –97·6)
–97·5%
(–97·5
to –97·5)
–97·8%
(–97·8
to –97·8)
–97·7%
(–97·7
to –97·7)
–97·8%
(–97·8
to –97·8)
–15·6%
(–19·4
to –11·9)
–25·3%
(–28·8
to –22·0)
–93·7%
(–94·7
to –92·4)
–94·3%
(–95·2
to –93·1)
Numbers in parentheses are 95% uncertainty intervals.
Table 2: Global prevalence, incidence, deaths, YLLs, YLDs, and DALYs in counts and age-standardised rates for both sexes combined, females, and males, 2019, with percentage change between 2010 and 2019
Deaths YLLs YLDs DALYs
1990 90th 69th 116th 96th
2010 38th 27th 89th 42nd
2019 120th 119th 97th 146th
Table 3: Rank among Level 3 causes for global deaths, YLLs, YLDs, and DALYs in 1990, 2010, and 2019, for both sexes combined
Figure 1: Composition of DALYs by YLLs and YLDs for both sexes combined, 2019
Figure 2: Percentage of DALYs attributable to top risk factors for both sexes combined, 2019
No Legend
Figure 3: Age-standardised DALY rates for each location by SDI, both sexes combined, 2019
Figure 4: Composition of DALYs by YLLs and YLDs, age group, and sex, 2019
No Legend
Figure 5: Age-standardised DALY rates (per 100 000) by location, both sexes combined, 2019