Summary Globally in 2019, there were 17·2 billion (95% UI 15·4–19·3) incident cases and 237 million (212–265) prevalent cases of upper respiratory infections, contributing to 9460 deaths (5540–14 900) and 6·39 million (3·96–9·72) DALYs.
Definition Upper respiratory infections include cough, acute nasopharyngitis, sinusitis, pharyngitis, tonsillitis, laryngitis, tracheitis, epiglottitis, rhinitis, rhinosinusitis, rhinopharyngitis, and supraglottitis.
Total sources | ||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Incidence | 3 | |||||||||||
Prevalence | 223 | |||||||||||
Remission | 0 | |||||||||||
Causes of death | 2627 | |||||||||||
Other | 15 | |||||||||||
Table 1:
Total sources used in GBD 2019 estimation
What is new in GBD 2019?
- •New data were added from Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS).
- •DHS data were re-extracted at the subnational level for 17 countries.
- •The systematic review was updated for non-fatal upper respiratory infections.
Prevalence
|
Incidence
|
Deaths
|
YLLs
|
YLDs
|
DALYs
|
|||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Cases
(millions) |
Rate (per 100 000)
|
Cases
(millions) |
Rate (per 100 000)
|
Deaths
(millions) |
Rate (per 100 000)
|
YLLs
(millions) |
Rate (per 100 000)
|
YLDs
(millions) |
Rate (per 100 000)
|
DALYs
(millions) |
Rate (per 100 000)
|
|
2019 | ||||||||||||
Both Sexes | 237 (212 to 265) |
3102·1 (2771·3 to 3473·4) |
17 200 (15 400 to 19 300) |
225 505·7 (201 156·4 to 253 739·5) |
0·00946 (0·00554 to 0·0149) |
0·1 (0·1 to 0·2) |
0·499 (0·195 to 1·01) |
7·2 (2·7 to 14·8) |
5·89 (3·54 to 9·23) |
77·2 (46·3 to 120·9) |
6·39 (3·96 to 9·72) |
84·4 (52·0 to 128·2) |
Females | 116 (104 to 129) |
3056·2 (2728·7 to 3426·1) |
8410 (7540 to 9430) |
222 175·9 (197 990·8 to 249 635·5) |
0·00415 (0·00235 to 0·00678) |
0·1 (0·1 to 0·2) |
0·204 (0·0773 to 0·436) |
6·0 (2·1 to 13·3) |
2·86 (1·73 to 4·49) |
75·7 (45·5 to 118·6) |
3·07 (1·90 to 4·68) |
81·8 (50·2 to 124·9) |
Males | 121 (108 to 136) |
3148·1 (2804·1 to 3531·7) |
8810 (7880 to 9910) |
228 851·2 (203 975·5 to 257 954·1) |
0·00531 (0·00307 to 0·00847) |
0·2 (0·1 to 0·2) |
0·294 (0·117 to 0·585) |
8·3 (3·3 to 16·8) |
3·02 (1·81 to 4·75) |
78·6 (47·1 to 123·1) |
3·32 (2·06 to 5·03) |
86·9 (53·7 to 131·4) |
Percentage change 2010-19 | ||||||||||||
Both Sexes | 10·2% (9·0 to 11·5) |
0·9% (–0·2 to 2·1) |
10·1% (9·0 to 11·5) |
0·9% (–0·2 to 2·1) |
–26·4% (–46·7 to 30·4) |
–35·5% (–51·0 to 3·9) |
–36·2% (–51·7 to 7·6) |
–39·4% (–53·4 to –2·7) |
10·0% (8·8 to 11·3) |
0·9% (–0·3 to 2·1) |
4·1% (–7·2 to 10·4) |
–4·5% (–14·8 to 1·3) |
Females | 10·2% (8·9 to 11·5) |
0·8% (–0·3 to 2·0) |
10·2% (8·9 to 11·5) |
0·7% (–0·3 to 2·0) |
–28·2% (–49·8 to 36·4) |
–38·3% (–54·5 to 5·7) |
–39·8% (–55·1 to 7·7) |
–43·0% (–56·8 to –4·5) |
10·0% (8·6 to 11·3) |
0·8% (–0·4 to 2·1) |
4·2% (–7·2 to 10·4) |
–4·6% (–15·2 to 1·2) |
Males | 10·2% (9·0 to 11·5) |
1·0% (–0·2 to 2·3) |
10·1% (9·0 to 11·4) |
0·9% (–0·2 to 2·2) |
–25·0% (–44·9 to 28·6) |
–33·4% (–49·3 to 4·3) |
–33·4% (–50·0 to 9·4) |
–36·6% (–51·9 to –0·5) |
10·0% (8·8 to 11·3) |
1·0% (–0·2 to 2·3) |
4·0% (–7·2 to 10·5) |
–4·5% (–14·7 to 1·4) |
Numbers in parentheses are 95% uncertainty intervals. |
Table 2:
Global prevalence, incidence, deaths, YLLs, YLDs, and DALYs in counts and age-standardised rates for both sexes combined, females, and males, 2019, with percentage change between 2010 and 2019
Deaths | YLLs | YLDs | DALYs | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1990 | 94th | 78th | 35th | 70th | ||||||||
2010 | 116th | 109th | 33rd | 76th | ||||||||
2019 | 117th | 112th | 34th | 74th | ||||||||
Table 3:
Rank among Level 3 causes for global deaths, YLLs, YLDs, and DALYs in 1990, 2010, and 2019, for both sexes combined

Figure 1:
Composition of DALYs by YLLs and constituent sequelae YLDs for both sexes combined, 2019

Figure 2:
Percentage of DALYs attributable to top risk factors for both sexes combined, 2019


Figure 3:
Age-standardised DALY rates for each location by SDI, both sexes combined, 2019

Figure 4:
Composition of DALYs by YLLs and YLDs, age group, and sex, 2019


Figure 5:
Age-standardised DALY rates (per 100 000) by location, both sexes combined, 2019