Global Burden of Disease 2019 disease, injury, and impairment summaries
These two-page summaries offer a concise overview of causes, impairments, and risk factors modeled in GBD and the health loss related to them. The summaries include a summary results statement; a definition of the disease, injury, impairment, or risk; and a brief listing of modeling updates in GBD 2019 compared to previous GBD rounds. Tables and figures display metrics for each topic. Please use the menus below to select your topic of interest. To learn more about what the summaries include, please visit these pages:
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Suggested citation: Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME). GBD 2019 Cause and Risk Summary: [CAUSE/RISK/IMPAIRMENT NAME]. Accessed [INSERT DATE]). Seattle, USA: IHME, University of Washington, 2020.
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Summary The global burden of human African trypanosomiasis (HAT) in 2019 was 82 600 DALYs (95% UI 37 600–156 000) and 1360 deaths (95% UI 609–2580), a 98% decrease in deaths since 1990, reflecting efforts to eliminate transmission and improve case detection. Definition HAT, also known as sleeping...Read more
Summary In 2019, age-related and other hearing loss resulted in 40·2 million (95% UI 27·4–57·1) YLDs. It was the fourth-ranked cause of YLDs in 2019 for non-communicable diseases. Definition Age-related and other hearing loss includes causes not identified as meningitis, chronic otitis media, or...Read more
Summary Low vision and blindness due to age-related macular degeneration caused 564 000 global YLDs (95% UI 393 000–789 000) in 2019. Definition In macular degeneration, deterioration of the macula leads to central vision loss. Total sources Incidence 0 Prevalence 252 Remission 0 Causes of death 0...Read more
Summary In 2019, air pollution was the leading Level 2 risk factor for DALYs among all environmental and occupational risks. It contributed to 213 million (95% UI 189–240) DALYs and 6·67 million (5·90–7·49) deaths in 2019. Definition Air pollution includes ambient particulate matter pollution (PM 2...Read more
Summary Alcohol use disorders was responsible for an estimated 17·0 million (95% UI 13·5–21·5) DALYs globally in 2019. The highest prevalence rates were seen among individuals 30 to 39 years old. Prevalence of alcohol use disorders was 2·39 times (2·21–2·57) greater in males than females...Read more
Summary Alcohol use was the ninth-leading Level 2 risk factor globally for DALYs and the leading risk factor among males aged 15–49 years.Alcohol consumption was responsible for 2·44 million (95% UI 2·14–2·78) deaths in 2019. Definition We define current drinkers as individuals consuming at least...Read more
Summary Alcoholic cardiomyopathy was responsible for 2·44 million (95% UI 2·05–2·78) DALYs in 2019. In 2019, there were 448 000 prevalent cases (315 000–618 000) of alcoholic cardiomyopathy among those aged 40–70 and 208 000 cases (139 000–300 000) for those above the age of 70. Definition...Read more
Summary Globally, alopecia was responsible for 601 000 DALYs (95% UI 378 000–891 000) in 2019. Of that, 410 000 DALYs (258 000–609 000) occurred in those 15 to 49 years old. Definition Alopecia areata is an autoimmune disease that results in hair loss on the scalp and other parts of the body (ICD-...Read more
Summary Alzheimer’s disease and other dementias resulted in 25·3 million (95% UI 11·2–54·6) global DALYs in 2019 and was responsible for 1·0% (0·5–2·2) of total global DALYs. Definition Dementia is a progressive, degenerative, and chronic neurological disorder typified by cognitive dysfunctions...Read more
Summary In 2019, ambient ozone pollution accounted for 11·1% (95% UI 5·3–17·0) of COPD deaths globally, for a total of 365 000 deaths (175 000–564 000). The highest ozone-attributable age-standardised death rates occurred in the south Asia region. Definition Ambient ozone pollution is defined as...Read more