Global Burden of Disease 2019 disease, injury, and impairment summaries
These two-page summaries offer a concise overview of causes, impairments, and risk factors modeled in GBD and the health loss related to them. The summaries include a summary results statement; a definition of the disease, injury, impairment, or risk; and a brief listing of modeling updates in GBD 2019 compared to previous GBD rounds. Tables and figures display metrics for each topic. Please use the menus below to select your topic of interest. To learn more about what the summaries include, please visit these pages:
- Learn more about GBD 2019 Disease, Injury, and Impairment Summaries
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Suggested citation: Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME). GBD 2019 Cause and Risk Summary: [CAUSE/RISK/IMPAIRMENT NAME]. Accessed [INSERT DATE]). Seattle, USA: IHME, University of Washington, 2020.
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Summary In 2019, diet low in calcium was responsible for 3·14 million (95% UI 2·25–4·26) DALYs and 138 000 deaths (96 800–189 000). It was the 15th-leading dietary risk factor for attributable DALYs. Definition Diet low in calcium is defined as average daily consumption (in grams per day) of less...Read more
Summary In 2019, a diet low in fibre was responsible for 15·3 million (95% UI 9·11–22·0) DALYs and 606 000 deaths (342 000–887 000). It was the sixth-leading dietary risk factor for attributable DALYs. Definition Diet low in fibre is defined as average daily consumption (in grams per day) of less...Read more
Summary In 2019, diet low in fruit was responsible for 27·7 million (95% UI 20·2–35·9) DALYs and 1·05 million (0·730–1·36) deaths. It was the third-leading dietary risk factor for attributable DALYs. Definition Diet low in fruit is defined as average daily consumption (in grams per day) of less...Read more
Summary In 2019, diet low in legumes was responsible for 24·3 million (95% UI 5·26–39·6) DALYs and 1·12 million (0·252–1·82) deaths. It was the fourth-leading dietary risk factor for attributable DALYs. Definition Diet low in legumes is defined as average daily consumption (in grams per day) of...Read more
Summary In 2019, a diet low in milk was responsible for 3·80 million (95% UI 2·46–5·12) DALYs and 166 000 deaths (107 000–226 000). It was the 14th-leading dietary risk factor for attributable DALYs. Definition Diet low in milk is defined as average daily consumption (in grams per day) of less than...Read more
Summary In 2019, a diet low in nuts and seeds was responsible for 13·6 million (95% UI 7·76–18·6) DALYs and 575 000 deaths (311 000–790 000). It was the eighth-leading dietary risk factor for attributable DALYs. Definition Diet low in nuts and seeds is defined as average daily consumption (in grams...Read more
Summary In 2019, diet low in polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) was responsible for 8·01 million (95% UI 0·97–16·2) DALYs and 346 000 deaths (44 200–707 000). It was the 11th-leading dietary risk factor for attributable DALYs. Definition Diet low in PUFA is defined as average daily consumption (in...Read more
Summary In 2019, a diet low in omega-3 fatty acids was responsible for 7·41 million (95% UI 3·37–9·69) DALYs and 337 000 deaths (166 000–436 000). It was the 12th-leading dietary risk factor for attributable DALYs. Definition Diet low in omega-3 fatty acids is defined as average daily consumption (...Read more
Summary In 2019, diet low in vegetables was responsible for 13·0 million (95% UI 8·25–17·5) DALYs and 529 000 deaths (340 000–718 000). It was the ninth-leading dietary risk factor for attributable DALYs. Definition Diet low in vegetables is defined as average consumption (in grams per day) of less...Read more
Summary In 2019, a diet low in whole grains was responsible for 42·6 million (95% UI 22·3–53·2) DALYs and 1·84 million (0·921–2·34) deaths. It was the second-leading dietary risk factor for attributable DALYs. Definition Diet low in whole grains is defined as average daily consumption (in grams per...Read more