Summary Acute hepatitis resulted in 4·35 million (95% UI 3·57–5·22) global DALYs in 2019. Acute hepatitis A, B, C, and E contributed 53·9% (42·9–63·6), 37·2% (27·8–47·4), 5·8% (3·4–8·8), and 3·0% (2·1–4·0) to DALYs for the acute hepatitis parent, respectively.

Definition Hepatitis is a viral infection that can lead to inflammation of the liver. This Level 3 cause incorporates death and disability resulting from acute hepatitis A, B, C, and E.

Total sources
Incidence 0
Prevalence 1199
Remission 0
Causes of death 3837
Other 32
Table 1: Total sources used in GBD 2019 estimation
What is new in GBD 2019?
  • •Adjustments for seroprevalence data from blood donors and pregnant women were estimated in MR-BRT relative to seroprevalence data among the general population.
  • •The results of the DisMod-MR model of hepatitis B surface antigen prevalence at younger ages were adjusted downward, reflecting coverage and efficacy of vaccination by country and year.
  • •Analysis conducted in MR-BRT using 42 studies that reported on the prevalence of anti-HCV antibody and HCV-RNA produced a pooled estimate of proportion viremic among the seropositive individuals to correct outputs of our model of anti-HCV seropositivity to estimate viremia.
  • •Mortality due to acute hepatitis A, B, C, and E was modelled in CODEm rather than in the natural history models used in past GBD rounds which required case fatality from hospital inpatient data.
Prevalence
Incidence
Deaths
YLLs
YLDs
DALYs
Cases
(millions)
Rate (per 100 000)
Cases
(millions)
Rate (per 100 000)
Deaths
(millions)
Rate (per 100 000)
YLLs
(millions)
Rate (per 100 000)
YLDs
(millions)
Rate (per 100 000)
DALYs
(millions)
Rate (per 100 000)
2019
Both Sexes
23·6
(21·5
to 25·8)
319·5
(293·2
to 347·5)
264
(244
to 285)
3615·9
(3360·5
to 3888·3)
0·0792
(0·0658
to 0·0953)
1·0
(0·8
to 1·2)
3·93
(3·16
to 4·84)
52·6
(42·0
to 65·1)
0·414
(0·266
to 0·608)
5·4
(3·4
to 7·9)
4·35
(3·57
to 5·22)
58·0
(47·3
to 70·0)
Females
10·6
(9·66
to 11·7)
294·7
(270·1
to 322·8)
121
(112
to 131)
3400·2
(3152·2
to 3666·9)
0·0330
(0·0274
to 0·0432)
0·8
(0·7
to 1·1)
1·66
(1·34
to 2·22)
45·5
(36·4
to 60·9)
0·185
(0·118
to 0·271)
4·9
(3·1
to 7·1)
1·85
(1·51
to 2·41)
50·4
(40·7
to 66·2)
Males
13·0
(11·7
to 14·5)
344·4
(311·1
to 382·0)
143
(131
to 157)
3832·2
(3509·2
to 4167·8)
0·0462
(0·0361
to 0·0561)
1·2
(0·9
to 1·5)
2·27
(1·72
to 2·79)
59·7
(45·0
to 73·7)
0·228
(0·146
to 0·336)
5·8
(3·7
to 8·6)
2·50
(1·94
to 2·99)
65·6
(50·7
to 79·1)
Percentage change 2010-19
Both Sexes
–2·0%
(–8·9
to 5·4)
–8·1%
(–14·3
to –1·8)
–0·8%
(–6·3
to 5·2)
–6·4%
(–11·3
to –1·4)
–27·8%
(–39·6
to –10·7)
–36·9%
(–47·3
to –21·7)
–38·2%
(–50·1
to –22·2)
–43·6%
(–54·7
to –28·9)
3·7%
(–5·4
to 13·0)
–4·9%
(–13·2
to 3·6)
–35·7%
(–47·0
to –21·0)
–41·4%
(–52·2
to –27·7)
Females
–1·4%
(–9·4
to 7·4)
–7·2%
(–14·2
to 0·3)
–0·2%
(–6·5
to 6·5)
–5·6%
(–11·1
to 0·1)
–34·4%
(–44·7
to –10·2)
–43·1%
(–52·5
to –21·7)
–45·1%
(–55·8
to –23·6)
–49·9%
(–60·2
to –29·9)
4·1%
(–7·4
to 16·2)
–4·1%
(–14·7
to 7·1)
–42·3%
(–52·6
to –21·8)
–47·5%
(–57·5
to –28·7)
Males
–2·5%
(–12·4
to 8·2)
–8·8%
(–17·5
to 0·8)
–1·2%
(–9·2
to 7·3)
–7·0%
(–14·4
to 0·5)
–22·1%
(–38·6
to –4·6)
–31·7%
(–46·5
to –16·3)
–32·0%
(–48·3
to –15·3)
–37·8%
(–52·9
to –22·4)
3·4%
(–9·0
to 17·1)
–5·5%
(–16·8
to 7·1)
–29·8%
(–45·1
to –14·2)
–35·8%
(–50·1
to –21·3)
Numbers in parentheses are 95% uncertainty intervals.
Table 2: Global prevalence, incidence, deaths, YLLs, YLDs, and DALYs in counts and age-standardised rates for both sexes combined, females, and males, 2019, with percentage change between 2010 and 2019
Deaths YLLs YLDs DALYs
1990 44th 35th 100th 54th
2010 64th 49th 103rd 72nd
2019 79th 64th 107th 91st
Table 3: Rank among Level 3 causes for global deaths, YLLs, YLDs, and DALYs in 1990, 2010, and 2019, for both sexes combined
Figure 1: Composition of DALYs by constituent Level 4 causes for both sexes combined, 2019
Figure 2: Percentage of DALYs attributable to top risk factors for both sexes combined, 2019
No Legend
Figure 3: Age-standardised DALY rates for each location by SDI, both sexes combined, 2019
Figure 4: Composition of DALYs by YLLs and YLDs, age group, and sex, 2019
No Legend
Figure 5: Age-standardised DALY rates (per 100 000) by location, both sexes combined, 2019