Summary There were 2·17 million (95% UI 2·00–2·34) incident cases, 1·09 million (1·00–1·15) deaths, and 24·3 million (22·6–25·7) DALYs due to colon and rectum cancer globally in 2019. Colon and rectum cancer was the 15th-leading Level 3 cause of death globally in 2019.

Definition This cause includes death and disability resulting from invasive neoplasms of the colon and rectum, including ICD-10 codes such as C18, C19, C20, and C21.

Total sources
Incidence 3357
Prevalence 3
Remission 0
Causes of death 5354
Other 0
Table 1: Total sources used in GBD 2019 estimation
What is new in GBD 2019?
  • •New location-years of population-based cancer registry data were added.
  • •The minimum age group modelled was lowered from 15–19 to 5–9 years.
  • •Mortality-to-incidence ratio models included additional data and were modified to perform more smoothing across time and age.
  • •Survival estimation was updated to use age-specific rather than all-ages survival curves, impacting age-specific prevalence and YLD estimates.
Prevalence
Incidence
Deaths
YLLs
YLDs
DALYs
Cases
(millions)
Rate (per 100 000)
Cases
(millions)
Rate (per 100 000)
Deaths
(millions)
Rate (per 100 000)
YLLs
(millions)
Rate (per 100 000)
YLDs
(millions)
Rate (per 100 000)
DALYs
(millions)
Rate (per 100 000)
2019
Both Sexes
11·5
(10·6
to 12·4)
139·3
(129·0
to 150·2)
2·17
(2·00
to 2·34)
26·7
(24·6
to 28·9)
1·09
(1·00
to 1·15)
13·7
(12·6
to 14·5)
23·2
(21·7
to 24·6)
282·5
(263·5
to 299·2)
1·07
(0·779
to 1·38)
13·0
(9·5
to 16·8)
24·3
(22·6
to 25·7)
295·5
(275·2
to 313·0)
Females
4·84
(4·38
to 5·28)
110·9
(100·5
to 121·0)
0·926
(0·832
to 1·01)
21·2
(19·0
to 23·2)
0·492
(0·438
to 0·532)
11·2
(10·0
to 12·2)
9·88
(9·09
to 10·7)
227·7
(209·5
to 246·8)
0·444
(0·325
to 0·578)
10·2
(7·4
to 13·3)
10·3
(9·49
to 11·1)
237·9
(218·7
to 257·1)
Males
6·62
(6·04
to 7·29)
171·3
(156·5
to 188·2)
1·24
(1·13
to 1·36)
33·1
(30·2
to 36·2)
0·594
(0·551
to 0·638)
16·6
(15·4
to 17·9)
13·3
(12·3
to 14·4)
343·8
(317·1
to 371·1)
0·621
(0·454
to 0·806)
16·3
(12·0
to 21·1)
14·0
(12·9
to 15·0)
360·1
(333·1
to 387·8)
Percentage change 2010-19
Both Sexes
35·5%
(26·5
to 45·2)
5·8%
(–1·1
to 13·3)
32·1%
(23·6
to 41·3)
2·3%
(–4·2
to 9·3)
26·6%
(20·2
to 33·0)
–3·0%
(–7·6
to 1·7)
22·8%
(15·7
to 30·0)
–3·0%
(–8·5
to 2·7)
33·6%
(25·0
to 42·9)
4·1%
(–2·5
to 11·2)
23·2%
(16·3
to 30·2)
–2·7%
(–8·1
to 2·8)
Females
31·5%
(21·6
to 41·9)
3·1%
(–4·7
to 11·2)
28·8%
(19·4
to 38·6)
0·1%
(–7·3
to 7·6)
25·1%
(17·6
to 32·5)
–4·1%
(–9·7
to 1·5)
21·8%
(13·4
to 30·5)
–3·7%
(–10·4
to 3·2)
29·7%
(20·3
to 39·7)
1·4%
(–5·9
to 9·2)
22·1%
(14·0
to 30·6)
–3·5%
(–9·9
to 3·2)
Males
38·5%
(26·4
to 52·5)
7·9%
(–1·2
to 18·5)
34·6%
(23·0
to 47·6)
3·8%
(–4·7
to 13·4)
27·8%
(18·7
to 37·3)
–2·2%
(–8·7
to 4·4)
23·5%
(13·6
to 34·0)
–2·6%
(–10·1
to 5·4)
36·4%
(24·4
to 49·9)
5·9%
(–3·0
to 16·1)
24·0%
(14·4
to 34·0)
–2·2%
(–9·6
to 5·4)
Numbers in parentheses are 95% uncertainty intervals.
Table 2: Global prevalence, incidence, deaths, YLLs, YLDs, and DALYs in counts and age-standardised rates for both sexes combined, females, and males, 2019, with percentage change between 2010 and 2019
Deaths YLLs YLDs DALYs
1990 21st 31st 97th 45th
2010 18th 20th 86th 32nd
2019 15th 17th 83rd 28th
Table 3: Rank among Level 3 causes for global deaths, YLLs, YLDs, and DALYs in 1990, 2010, and 2019, for both sexes combined
Figure 1: Composition of DALYs by YLLs and YLDs for both sexes combined, 2019
Figure 2: Percentage of DALYs attributable to top risk factors for both sexes combined, 2019
No Legend
Figure 3: Age-standardised DALY rates for each location by SDI, both sexes combined, 2019
Figure 4: Composition of DALYs by YLLs and YLDs, age group, and sex, 2019
No Legend
Figure 5: Age-standardised DALY rates (per 100 000) by location, both sexes combined, 2019