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Mortality from tetanus between 1990 and 2015: findings from the Global Burden of Disease study 2015
Although preventable, tetanus still claims tens of thousands of deaths each year. The patterns and distribution of mortality from tetanus have not been well characterized. We identified the global, regional, and national levels and trends of mortality from neonatal and non-neonatal tetanus based on the results from the Global Burden of Disease study 2015.
Global, regional, and national prevalence, incidence, and disability-adjusted life years for oral conditions for 195 countries, 1990–2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors
The Global Burden of Disease 2015 study aims to use all available data of sufficient quality to generate reliable and valid prevalence, incidence, and disability-adjusted life year (DALY) estimates of oral conditions for the period of 1990 to 2015. Since death as a direct result of oral diseases is rare, DALY estimates were based on years lived with disability, which are estimated only on those persons with unmet need for dental care.
Trends and patterns of disparities in cancer mortality among US counties, 1980–2014
Cancer is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the United States and results in a high economic burden. Our objective of this study was to estimate age-standardized mortality rates by US county from 29 cancers.
Contraceptive knowledge and use among women living in the poorest areas of five Mesoamerican countries
The purpose of this study was to identify factors associated with contraceptive use among women in need living in the poorest areas in five Mesoamerican countries: Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, Panama and State of Chiapas (Mexico).
The burden of mental disorders in the Eastern Mediterranean Region, 1990–2013
The Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMR) is witnessing an increase in chronic disorders, including mental illness. With ongoing unrest, this is expected to rise. This is the first study to quantify the burden of mental disorders in the EMR.
Global burden of hypertension and systolic blood pressure of at least 110 to 115 mmHg, 1990–2015
Elevated systolic blood pressure (SBP) is a leading global health risk. Quantifying the levels of SBP is important to guide prevention policies and interventions.
Donor financing of global mental health, 1995–2015: An assessment of trends, channels, and alignment with the disease burden
A recent report by the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME) highlights that mental health receives little attention despite being a major cause of disease burden. This paper extends previous assessments of development assistance for mental health (DAMH) in two significant ways; first by contrasting DAMH against that for other disease categories, and second by benchmarking allocated development assistance against the core disease burden metric (disability-adjusted life year) as estimated by the Global Burden of Disease Study.
US spending on personal health care and public health, 1996–2013
US health care spending has continued to increase, and now accounts for more than 17% of the US economy. Despite the size and growth of this spending, little is known about how spending on each condition varies by age and across time.
Spending on children’s personal health care in the United States, 1996–2013
Health care spending on children in the United States continues to rise, yet little is known about how this spending varies by condition, age and sex group, and type of care, nor how these patterns have changed over time.
The Global Burden of Disease study and the preventable burden of NCD
According to GBD analyses, the rise of NCD is in part due to increased life expectancy due to reduced premature mortality from communicable, child, and maternal illnesses, but preventable risk factors also contribute and present targets for NCD control efforts.
US county-level trends in mortality rates for causes of death, 1980-2014
County-level patterns in mortality rates by cause have not been systematically described but are potentially useful for public health officials, clinicians, and researchers seeking to improve health and reduce geographic disparities. We demonstrate the use of a novel methodology for county-level estimation and estimate annual mortality rates by US county for 21 mutually exclusive causes of death, from 1980 to 2014.
Global, regional, and national cancer incidence, mortality, years of life lost, years lived with disability, and disability-adjusted life years for 32 cancer groups, 1990 to 2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease study
Cancer is the second leading cause of death worldwide. Current estimates on the burden of cancer are needed for cancer control planning. In this study we estimated mortality, incidence, years lived with disability (YLDs), years of life lost (YLLs), and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) for 32 cancers in 195 countries and territories from 1990 to 2015.
A subnational analysis of mortality and prevalence of COPD in China from 1990 to 2013
The trends of COPD mortality and prevalence over the past two decades across all provinces remain unknown in China. We used data from the Global Burden of Disease study 2013 (GBD 2013) to estimate the mortality and prevalence of COPD during 1990 to 2013 at a provincial level.
Burden of diarrhea in the Eastern Mediterranean Region, 1990–2013: Findings from the Global Burden of Disease study 2013
Diarrheal diseases (DD) are leading causes of disease burden, death, and disability, especially in children in low-income settings. As part of the Global Burden of Disease Study, we estimated DD burden, and the burden attributable to specific risk factors and particular etiologies, in the Eastern Mediterranean Region between 1990 and 2013.
Measures of Malaria Burden after Long-Lasting Insecticidal Net Distribution and Indoor Residual Spraying at Three Sites in Uganda: A Prospective Observational Study
Long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) and indoor residual spraying of insecticide (IRS) are the primary vector control interventions used to prevent malaria in Africa. In Uganda, we measured changes in key malaria indicators following universal LLIN distribution in three sites, with the addition of IRS at one of these sites.
Mapping Plasmodium falciparum mortality in Africa between 1990 and 2015
Malaria control has not been routinely informed by the assessment of subnational variation in malaria deaths. We combined data from the Malaria Atlas Project and the Global Burden of Disease study to estimate malaria mortality across sub-Saharan Africa on a grid of 5 km2 from 1990 through 2015.
Diet in Saudi Arabia: findings from a nationally representative survey
No recent original studies on the pattern of diet are available for Saudi Arabia at the national level. The present study was performed to describe the consumption of foods and beverages by Saudi adults.
Global, regional, and national comparative risk assessment of 79 behavioral, environmental and occupational, and metabolic risks or clusters of risks, 1990–2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015
The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2015 provides an up-to-date synthesis of the evidence for risk factor exposure and the attributable burden of disease. By providing national and subnational assessments spanning the past 25 years, this study can inform debates on the importance of addressing risks in context.
Rethinking Development and Health: Findings from the Global Burden of Disease Study
The GBD 2015 study shows that, from 1990 to 2015, the world as a whole has been undergoing an epidemiological transition. The nature of that transition is discussed in this report.
Global, regional, and national disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) for 315 diseases and injuries and healthy life expectancy (HALE), 1990-2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015
Healthy life expectancy (HALE) and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) provide summary measures of health across geographies and time that can inform assessments of epidemiological patterns and health system performance, help to prioritize investments in research and development, and monitor progress toward the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). We aimed to provide updated HALE and DALYs for geographies worldwide and evaluate how disease burden changes with development.
Global, regional, and national levels of maternal mortality, 1990–2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015
In transitioning from the Millennium Development Goal to the Sustainable Development Goal era, it is imperative to comprehensively assess progress toward reducing maternal mortality to identify areas of success, remaining challenges, and frame policy discussions. We aimed to quantify maternal mortality throughout the world by underlying cause and age from 1990 to 2015.