Global Burden of Disease 2019 disease, injury, and impairment summaries
These two-page summaries offer a concise overview of causes, impairments, and risk factors modeled in GBD and the health loss related to them. The summaries include a summary results statement; a definition of the disease, injury, impairment, or risk; and a brief listing of modeling updates in GBD 2019 compared to previous GBD rounds. Tables and figures display metrics for each topic. Please use the menus below to select your topic of interest. To learn more about what the summaries include, please visit these pages:
- Learn more about GBD 2019 Disease, Injury, and Impairment Summaries
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Suggested citation: Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME). GBD 2019 Cause and Risk Summary: [CAUSE/RISK/IMPAIRMENT NAME]. Accessed [INSERT DATE]). Seattle, USA: IHME, University of Washington, 2020.
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Summary In 2019, iron deficiency had a global prevalence of 14·4% (14·1–14·6) and accounted for 28·5 million (19·1–41·1) DALYs globally. Definition Dietary iron deficiency is defined as inadequate dietary intake of elemental iron leading to anaemia. Other conditions leading to iron deficiency are...Read more
Summary Globally, dietary risks were responsible for 188 million (95% UI 156–225) DALYs and 7·94 million (6·47–9·76) deaths among adults ages 25 and older in 2019. It was the fifth-leading Level 2 risk factor for attributable DALYs. Definition An aggregate risk factor for all GBD dietary risks:...Read more
Summary Digestive congenital anomalies caused 47 300 deaths (95% UI 30 300–75 100) in 2019. The combined global incidence rate was 5·69 per 1000 (4·10–7·41) livebirths, and 2·90 million (2·28–3·60) people were living with digestive congenital anomalies in 2019. Definition This cause includes any...Read more
Summary All digestive diseases together resulted in 89·0 million (95% UI 81·4–97·6) global DALYs in 2019 and were responsible for 3·5% (3·3–3·8) of total global DALYs. Definition This Level 2 cause encompasses estimates of death and disability from all digestive diseases specified in the GBD cause...Read more
Summary In 2019, diphtheria caused 4370 deaths (95% UI 2940–6200) globally. Of these, 3650 deaths (2320–5370) occurred in children under age 5, of which 3500 (2190–5200) took place in sub-Saharan Africa. Definition Diphtheria is a bacterial infection caused by Corynebacterium diphtheriae . Total...Read more
Summary In 2019, 0·2% (95% UI 0·1–0·3) of DALYs in children under 5 years were attributable to discontinued breastfeeding, the 18th-ranked Level 4 risk factor in this age group. 7780 under-5 deaths (2600–14 200) in 2019 were attributable to discontinued breastfeeding. Definition Discontinued...Read more
Summary Down syndrome caused 22 300 deaths (95% UI 17 800–33 200) in 2019 among all ages. 1·58 million (1·25–1·96) people were living with Down syndrome in 2019, a 25·7% (22·3–29·1) increase since 1990. Definition This cause includes any livebirth with the presence of a third copy of chromosome 21...Read more
Summary Drowning was responsible for 237 000 deaths (95% UI 215 000–262 000) in 2019. 88 100 deaths (76 500–102 000) occurred in those under age 20, constituting 37·1% (34·2–40·2) of all drowning deaths. Drowning was the 12th-leading Level 3 cause of death in 2019 in those under age 20. Definition...Read more
Summary Drug use disorders caused 18·1 million (95% UI 14·3–22·0) DALYs, or 0·7% (0·6–0·9) of total DALYs in 2019. From 2010 to 2019, the all-age DALY rate due to drug use disorders increased by 11·5% (9·0–14·7). In 2019, 51·3% (49·6–53·3) of global drug use deaths were in the USA. Definition This...Read more
Summary Globally, drug use was the 15th-leading Level 2 risk factor for DALYs in 2019. 7·7% (95% UI 6·0–9·7) and 1·8% (0·9–2·9) of DALYs for the blood-borne infections HIV and hepatitis were attributable to drug use in 2019, respectively, in addition to 1·8% (1·0–2·9) of self-harm DALYs. Definition...Read more