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Scientific publications


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Chart of emergency department spending across aggregated age groups, payer, and aggregated health categories, 2016 ($ billions)
October 27, 2021
Healthcare spending in U.S. emergency departments by health condition, 2006–2016
Research Article

This study’s objective is to estimate ED spending trends in the U.S. from 2006 to 2016, by age, sex, payer, and across 154 health conditions and assess ED spending per visit over time.

chart of anemia prevalence
October 12, 2021
Anemia prevalence in women of reproductive age in low- and middle-income countries between 2000 and 2018
Research Article

Here we map annual 2000–2018 geospatial estimates of anemia prevalence in women of reproductive age (15–49 years) across 82 low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), stratify anemia by severity and aggregate results to policy-relevant administrative and national levels.

chart of depression and anxiety by gender before and during COVID-19 pandemic
October 8, 2021
Global prevalence and burden of depressive and anxiety disorders in 204 countries and territories in 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic
Research Article

In this study, we sought to quantify the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the prevalence and burden of depressive and anxiety disorders globally in 2020.

chart of mortality due to police violence by state
September 30, 2021
Fatal police violence by race and state in the USA, 1980-2019: a network meta-regression
Research Article

This study examines the presence and extent of under-reporting of police violence in US Government-run vital registration data, offers a method for correcting under-reporting in these datasets, and presents revised estimates of deaths due to police violence in the USA.

chart of annual average ambient particulate matter concentration, 2019
September 28, 2021
Ambient and household PM2.5 pollution and adverse perinatal outcomes: A meta- regression and analysis of attributable global burden for 204 countries and territories
Research Article

We estimated the global burden of low birth weight (LBW) and preterm birth (PTB) and impacts on reduced birth weight and gestational age (GA), attributable to ambient and household PM2.5 pollution in 2019.

chart of HIV incidence-to-mortality ratio
September 27, 2021
Global, regional, and national sex-specific burden and control of the HIV epidemic, 1990–2019, for 204 countries and territories: the Global Burden of Diseases Study 2019
Research Article

This study assesses the current sex-specific HIV burden in 204 countries and territories and measures progress in the control of the epidemic.

September 23, 2021
Global, regional, and national sex differences in the global burden of tuberculosis by HIV status, 1990–2019: results from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019
Research Article

We aimed to assess the levels and trends of the global burden of tuberculosis, with an emphasis on investigating differences in sex by HIV status for 204 countries and territories from 1990 to 2019.

September 22, 2021
Tracking development assistance for health and for COVID-19: a review of development assistance, government, out-of-pocket, and other private spending on health for 204 countries and territories, 1990–2050
Research Article

We aimed to put development assistance for health for COVID-19 in the context of broader trends in global health financing, and to estimate total health spending from 1995 to 2050 and development assistance for COVID-19 in 2020.

Chart of the distribution of the top ten contributors to redistributed and misclassified HIV deaths over time for all ages and sexes combined in included countries
September 21, 2021
Accounting for misclassified and unknown cause of death data in vital registration systems for estimating trends in HIV mortality
Research Article

 In this study, we describe the methods developed by the Global Burden of Disease Study to account for the misclassified cause of death data from vital registration systems for estimating HIV mortality in 132 countries and territories.

September 3, 2021
Global, regional, and national burden of stroke and its risk factors, 1990–2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019
Research Article

Regularly updated data on stroke and its pathological types, including data on their incidence, prevalence, mortality, disability, risk factors, and epidemiological trends, are important for evidence-based stroke care planning and resource allocation. The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) aims to provide a standardised and comprehensive measurement of these metrics at global, regional, and national levels.

August 29, 2021
Assessing the impact of community-based interventions on hypertension and diabetes management in three Minnesota communities: findings from the prospective evaluation of US HealthRise programs
Research Article

Community-based health interventions are increasingly viewed as models of care that can bridge healthcare gaps experienced by underserved communities in the United States (US). With this study, we sought to assess the impact of such interventions, as implemented through the US HealthRise program, on hypertension and diabetes among underserved communities in Hennepin, Ramsey, and Rice Counties, Minnesota.

age-standardised YLDs due to bone fractures by sex
August 19, 2021
Global, regional, and national burden of bone fractures in 204 countries and territories, 1990–2019: a systematic analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019
Research Article

We aimed to measure the global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability (YLDs) of fractures from 1990 to 2019.

August 19, 2021
Estimating the cause-specific relative risks of non-optimal temperature on daily mortality: a two-part modelling approach applied to the Global Burden of Disease Study
Research Article

We aimed to estimate the global and regional burden due to non-optimal temperature exposure.

August 17, 2021
Global, regional, and national progress towards Sustainable Development Goal 3.2 for neonatal and child health: all-cause and cause-specific mortality findings from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019
Research Article

To understand current rates, recent trends, and potential trajectories of child mortality for the next decade, we present the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2019 findings for all-cause mortality and cause-specific mortality in children younger than 5 years of age, with multiple scenarios for child mortality in 2030 that include the consideration of potential effects of COVID-19, and a novel framework for quantifying optimal child survival.

August 17, 2021
US Health Care Spending by Race and Ethnicity, 2002-2016
Research Article

How did health care spending vary by race and ethnicity groups in the US from 2002 through 2016?

Trends in rates of tracheal, bronchus, and lung cancers
August 16, 2021
Global, regional, and national burden of respiratory tract cancers and associated risk factors from 1990 to 2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019
Research Article

We aimed to provide global, regional, and national estimates of the burden of tracheal, bronchus, and lung cancer and larynx cancer and their attributable risks from 1990 to 2019.

primary health care estimates graph
August 12, 2021
Trends and outcomes in primary health care expenditures in low-income and middle-income countries, 2000–2017
Research Article

We estimate primary healthcare (PHC) expenditure for each low-income and middle-income country between 2000 and 2017 and test which health outputs and outcomes were associated with PHC expenditure.

graph of effect of economic recession on universal health coverage in democracies
August 2, 2021
Democracies Linked To Greater Universal Health Coverage Compared With Autocracies, Even In An Economic Recession
Research Article

We measured the associations that democracy has with universal health coverage and government health spending in 170 countries during the period 1990–2019.

July 30, 2021
Health expenditures by services and providers for 195 countries, 2000–2017
Research Article

This research aims to provide policymakers and researchers with a single repository of available national health expenditures by healthcare functions (ie, services) and providers of such services.

model performance for step 1 and step 2
July 14, 2021
Estimating global and regional disruptions to routine childhood vaccine coverage during the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020: a modelling study
Research Article

The COVID-19 pandemic and efforts to reduce SARS-CoV-2 transmission substantially affected health services worldwide. To better understand the impact of the pandemic on childhood routine immunisation, we estimated disruptions in vaccine coverage associated with the pandemic in 2020, globally and by Global Burden of Disease (GBD) super-region.

map of India showing prevalence of neurological disorders by state
July 13, 2021
The burden of neurological disorders across the states of India: the Global Burden of Disease Study 1990–2019
Research Article

We present a comprehensive analysis of the disease burden and trends of neurological disorders at the state level in India.

figure showing relationships between national DTP3 coverage and SDI
July 12, 2021
Measuring routine childhood vaccination coverage in 204 countries and territories, 1980–2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2020, Release 1
Research Article

Drawing from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2020, Release 1, we did a systematic analysis of global, regional, and national vaccine coverage trends using a statistical framework, by vaccine and over time.

HAQ Index for US states
June 28, 2021
Variation in Health Care Access and Quality Among US States and High-Income Countries With Universal Health Insurance Coverage
Research Article

Does personal health care access and quality vary across ages among high-income countries and US states, and does any observed variation associate with insurance coverage?

chart of absolute ambient PM2.5 burden
June 14, 2021
Source sector and fuel contributions to ambient PM2.5 and attributable mortality across multiple spatial scales
Research Article

We provide a contemporary and comprehensive evaluation of sector- and fuel-specific contributions to ambient fine particulate matter (PM2.5) across 21 regions, 204 countries, and 200 sub-national areas by integrating 24 global atmospheric chemistry-transport model sensitivity simulations, high-resolution satellite-derived PM2.5 exposure estimates, and disease-specific concentration response relationships.

June 10, 2021
Parental education and inequalities in child mortality: a global systematic review and meta-analysis
Research Article

We aimed to estimate the total reductions in under-5 mortality that are associated with increased maternal and paternal education, during distinct age intervals.

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